History+lesson+(in+English)


 * // INTRODUCTION TO THE AQUEDUCTS //**
 * // Among the most important public works the Roman left us, we remember above all the very large aqueducts . They were planned in Rome in the fifth century B.C. //**
 * // Rome was turning into the biggest metropolis of the ancient world, so it was decided to build an aqueduct linked to a source that carried fresh water into the town. //**
 * // The first was Water Appia built in 312 B.C.. With the passing of time other aqueducts were built with higher capacity . //**
 * // In total there were twenty-four aqueducts which transported over one million of cube meters of water every day into the Urbe along about four hundred of conductors. //**
 * // If we have a lot of information about the aqueducts today, it is thanks to the work by the Curator Aquarum Sesto Giulio Frontino, who wrote a book “ De acqueductu Urbis Romae” that means “About the aqueducts of the town of Rome”, in which he explains the methods of construction and building materials. //**


 * // THE STRUCTURE //**
 * // Most of the route was made in the ground in appropriate channels and only on a few cases the aqueducts went out into the open: for example, to pass a river, or to take the water above a plain. Behind the construction of an aqueduct there was a number of issues, which the Roman engineers were able to resolve fully, for example, the driving force of the water. Engineers had realized that it would have been sufficient to give a slope to the water supply and maintain it all the way, helped by the force of gravity. //**


 * // THE CONSTRUCTION //**
 * // Large reservoirs were built at the source to create a good pressure at the start of the route and to ensure the continuity of the flow. In order to remove impurities, purification tanks were used, where the speed of the water slowed down and the mud and other particles settled. The tanks were also located at regular intervals along the route of the acqueduct . //**


 * // THE ROUTE OF AQVEDUCTS //**
 * // The route of the aqueducts, as previously mentioned, was for the most part buried or dug in the hills and mountains. The implementation began with the construction of the foundations of the pillars; if the aqueducts passed on the ground, a several feet deep hole was dug and a solid foundation of a truncated pyramid was built with large stone blocks. But if the aqueducts passed along a river, it was necessary to prepare a wooden fence to the area of ​​construction of each pillar. Only then the pillar were joined with arches, which were built using the supporting structures of the first wooden arcade .After the first arcade was built, they proceeded to the building of the other arches. //**


 * // THE AQUEDUCTS OF THE CITY //**
 * // Rome made use of eleven aqueducts constructed at various times from the second century B.C. that had always been in operation, and that took to Rome more than a million cubic meters of water per day. Some names of waters are remembered: Aqua Appia, Aqua Ania or Anio Vetus, Aqua Marcia, Tepula Water, Water Giulia, Aqua Augusta, Aqua Claudia, Aqua Nova Ania Anio or Novus, Aqua Traiana. //**